WASHINGTON (AP) — Russian intelligence services are using a trio of English-language websites to spread disinformation about the coronavirus pandemic, seeking to exploit a crisis that the United States is struggling to contain during a presidential election year, U.S. officials said Tuesday.
Two Russians who have held senior roles in Moscow's GRU military intelligence service have been identified as responsible for a disinformation effort meant to reach U.S. and Western audiences, U.S. government officials said. They spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly.
The information had been classified, but officials said it has been downgraded so they could more freely discuss it. Officials said they were doing so to sound the alarm about the particular websites and to expose what they say is a clear link between the sites and Russian intelligence.
Between late May and early July, one of the officials said, the websites singled out Tuesday published about 150 articles about the pandemic response, including coverage aimed at propping up Russia or denigrating the United States.
Among the headlines that caught the attention of U.S. officials were "Russia's Counter Covid-19 Aid to America Advances Case for Détente," which suggested that Russia had given urgent and substantial aid to the United States to fight the pandemic, and "Beijing Believes Covid-19 is a Biological Weapon," which amplified statements by the Chinese.
The disclosure comes as the spread of disinformation, including by Russia, is an urgent concern heading into the November presidential election as U.S. officials look to avoid a repeat of the 2016 contest, when a Russian troll farm launched a covert social media campaign to divide U.S. public opinion and to favor Donald Trump over Hillary Clinton. The U.S. government's chief counterintelligence executive warned in a rare public statement Friday about Russia's continued use of internet trolls to advance their goals.
Apart from politics, the triple crises buffeting the country — the pandemic, its economic fallout, and race relations and protests — have offered fertile territory for misinformation and outfight falsehoods — including from the White House. Trump himself has come under scrutiny for sharing misinformation about a disproven drug for treating the coronavirus in videos that were taken down by Twitter and Facebook, and for attacking the nation’s top infectious-disease expert, Dr. Anthony Fauci.
Officials described the Russian disinformation as part of an ongoing and persistent effort to advance false narratives and cause confusion.
They did not say whether the effort behind these particular websites was directly related to the November election, though some of the coverage appeared to denigrate Trump's Democratic challenger, Joe Biden, and called to mind Russian efforts in 2016 to exacerbate race relations in America and drive corruption allegations against U.S. political figures.
Though U.S. officials have warned before about the spread of disinformation tied to the pandemic, they went further on Tuesday by singling out a particular information agency that is registered in Russia, InfoRos, which operates a series of websites — InfoRos.ru, Infobrics.org and OneWorld.press — that have used the pandemic to promote anti-Western objectives and to spread disinformation.
Officials say the sites promote their narratives in a sophisticated but insidious effort that they compared to money laundering, where stories in well-written English — often with pro-Russian sentiment — are cycled through other news sources to conceal their origin and try to enhance the legitimacy of the information.
The sites also amplify stories that originate elsewhere, the government officials said.
An email to InfoRos was not immediately returned Tuesday.
Beyond the coronavirus, there's also a focus on U.S. news, global politics and topical stories of the moment.
A headline Tuesday on InfoRos.ru about the unrest roiling American cities stated "Chaos in the Blue Cities," accompanying a story that lamented how New Yorkers who grew up under the tough-on-crime approach of former Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg "and have zero street smarts" must now "adapt to life in high-crime urban areas."
Another story carried the headline of "Ukrainian Trap for Biden," and claimed that "Ukrainegate" — a reference to stories surrounding Biden's son Hunter's former ties to a Ukraine gas company — "keeps unfolding with renewed vigor."
U.S. officials have identified two of the people believed to be behind the sites' operations. Denis Valeryevich Tyurin and Aleksandr Gennadyevich Starunskiy have previously held leadership roles at InfoRos and also have served in a GRU unit specializing in military psychological intelligence and maintain deep contacts there, the officials said.
InfoRos and One World's ties to the Russian state also have attracted scrutiny from European disinformation analysts.
In 2019, a European Union task force that studies disinformation campaigns identified One World as "a new addition to the pantheon of Moscow-based disinformation outlets." The task force said that One World's content often parrots the Russian state agenda on issues, including the war in Syria.
A report published in June by a second, nongovernmental organization, Brussels-based EU DisinfoLab, examined links between InfoRos and One World to Russian military intelligence. The researchers identified technical clues tying their websites to Russia and identified some financial connections between InfoRos and the government.
"InfoRos is evolving in a shady gray zone, where regular information activities are mixed with more controversial actions that could be quite possibly linked to the Russian state's information operations," the report's authors concluded.
On its English-language Facebook page, InfoRos describes itself as an "Information agency: world through the eyes of Russia."
By ERIC TUCKER
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